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Thai Pongal: Festival of Tribute

Thai Pongal is a harvest festival celebrated by Tamils in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, Indian Union Territory of Pondicherry and Sri Lanka. Unusually for South Indian Hindu festivals, Thai Pongal is timed by an astronomical event - the winter solstice. Pongal is traditionally dedicated to the Sun God Surya, and marks the beginning of the northward journey of the Sun from its southernmost-limit, a movement traditionally referred to as uttarayana. It coincides with the festival Makara Sankranthi celebrated throughout India as the winter harvest, and is usually held from January 13–15 in the Gregorian calendar i.e. from the last day of the Tamil month Maargazhi to the third day of Thai. This also represents the Indic solstice when the sun purportedly enters the 10th house of the Indian zodiac i.e. Makaram or Capricorn.

The saying "Thai Pirandhal Vazhi Pirakkum" meaning "the commencement of Thai paves the way for new opportunities" is often quoted regarding the Pongal festival. Pongal Tamils thank the solar deity for the good harvest and consecrate the first grain to him on this 'Surya Mangalyam'. Tamilians decorate their homes with banana and mango leaves and embellish the floor with decorative patterns drawn using rice flour.

History:

The history may well be more than 1000 years old although some are of the view that the festival is older. Epigraphic evidence suggests the celebration of the Puthiyeedu during the Medieval Chola empire days. It is thought that Puthiyeedu meant the first harvest of the year.  The Sangam era literary work, the Paripaadal, refers to a fast by unmarried girls in honor of the God Vishnu in the month of Thai, known as the Thai Nonbu. The link between that fast and today's harvest festival needs to be further researched. Tamils refer to Pongal as "Tamizhar Thirunaal" (meaning "the festival of Tamils") Makara Sankranti in turn is referred to in the Surya Siddhanta.

Etimology:

Thai refers to the name of the tenth month in the Tamil calender, Thai Pongal in Tamil generally refers to festivity; more specifically Pongal means "boiling over" or "spill over". The boiling over of milk in the clay pot symbolizes material abundance for the household.  Pongal is also the name of a sweetened dish of rice bioled with lentils which is ritually consumed on this day. Symbolically, pongal signifies the warming i.e. boiling of the season as the Sun travels northward towards the equinox.

Various names of festivals celebrated on 15^th January:

Tamil Nadu, Sri Lanka - celebrated as Thai Pongal Andhra Pradesh, Bengal, Kerela, Bihar, Goa, Karnataka, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Uttar Pradesh - celebrated asMakara Sankranthi or Sankranthi Gujarat and Rajasthan celebrated as Uttarayana Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Punjab - celebrated as Lohri Assam - celebrated as Magh Bihu or Bhogali Bihu Nepal - celebrated as Maghe Sankranthi

 :Target Rating Points:

Target rating points, or TRPs, are an audience measurement criterion that indicates the popularity of a television channel or programme. The TRP measure is very useful for advertisers, who use it to help them decide which TV channels and programmes to place their advertising in.

The TRP is a measure of the purchased points representing an estimate of the component of the target audience within the gross audience. Similar to GRP (short for gross rating point), it is measured as the sum of ratings achieved by a specific media vehicle (e.g. TV channel or program) of the target audience reached by an advertisement. For example, if an advertisement appears more than once, reaching the entire gross audience also, the TRP figure is the sum of each individual GRP, multiplied by the estimated target audience in the gross audience.

The TRP and GRP metrics are both critical components for determining the marketing effectiveness of a particular advertisement.

Collection of TV audience Measurement data in India:

Presently, INTAM (Indian television audience measurement) is the only electronic rating agency functioning in India. INTAM uses two methodologies for calculating TRPs.

The first is frequency monitoring, in which 'people meters' are installed in sample homes. People meters are electronic devices, which continuously record data about the TV channels watched by household members. The 'people meter' is an expensive piece of equipment and is currently imported. It reads the frequencies of TV channels, which are later decoded into the name of the channels. INTAM prepares national data on the basis of these sample homes readings. There is a drawback in the technique, as cable operators frequently change the frequencies of channels before sending signals to homes. It may be very misleading to read a channel according to a particular frequency even if the down-linking frequency is same all over India.

The second technique is more reliable and relatively new to India. Via a picture-matching technique, the people meter continuously records a small portion of the picture that is being watched on that particular television set. Along with this, INTAM also records all the channels' data in the form of the small picture portion. Data collected from the sample homes is later on matched with the main databank to interpret the TV channel name, in order to produce national ratings.

Top 10 shows of Last week:

Rank	Show	Buzz	Rating	Views	Activity	Followers	Total Points
1	Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon?	27	176	650	47	250	1150
	Last Week: 1
2	Bigg Boss Season 5	100	68	371	39	36	614
	Last Week: 3
3	Hitler Didi	66	199	111	6	213	595
4	Ek Hazaaron Mein Meri Behna Hain	27	110	284	10	120	551
	Last Week: 4
5	Kuch Toh Log Kahenge	8	100	222	6	79	415
6	Saath Nibhana Saathiya	19	90	195	20	75	399
	Last Week: 8
7	Dekha Ek Khwaab	11	105	227	11	41	395
	Last Week: 9
8	Bade Acche Laggte Hai	36	99	146	5	95	381
9	Navya	8	102	155	33	83	381
	Last Week: 10
10	Diya Aur Baati Hum	19	91	155	2	40	307
	Last Week: 12

Lokpal ki Bhrunhatya

           Lokpal Ki BhrunHatya

Tarikh 27 december ki thi ,jab savere 9:30 baje ke lagbhag manniye shri Anna Hazare Mumbai ke juhu me isthit Gandhi smarak ko mala pahnakar, samne hi dhyan magna ho gaye .102 degree ke tapman se tap rahi 79 saal ke jawan ki himmat dekhate  hi ban rahi thi .Wahin dusari taraph thik 1:30 ghante bad Bharat ke sabse bade mudda bajar me nilami suru hui .Nilami loktantra ka .Karmik mantra shri Narayan sami ne iski suruaat ki ,phir kramsah neta pratipksha shrimati Susama swaraj ,cabinet mantra Kapil sibbal bhi bole aur khub bole .sansad mouka pakar aisa bole wa itna bole ki laga hi nahi ki bajar me lokpal bill ke peshi par bahas  chal raha hai ya loktrant-bhrastachar wa sansad par banne wali kisi vyangyatmak dharawahik ki pathkatha likhi ja rahi ho .Kisi ne media ko latada ,to kisi ne samajseviyon ko .Raat ko 10 baje yaad aaya ki sansodhano par voting karwa liya jaye .Kabhi I to kabhi No ki shor kaan phadne lagi .ek taraph rajnitik kabddi chalrahi thi to dusari or Mumbai ke mmrda ground 104 degree high puls rate wa phatne ke kagar par blood pressure ,dihidration se pidit Anna Hazare taktaki lagaye sansad me chal rahe tamashe ka jayja lete rahe .Bahumat ke dum par vipakshake 187 sanshodano ko kharij karte huye ,sattadhari U.P.A ne bill ko loksabha me pesh karwa liya .iss kritya ke saath hi sabhi or charcha hone lagi ki lokpal ka bhavishya abb dr. vipksha ke haath me hai .28 tarikh koyah pass bill rastrapati ke hastakshar ke liye bhej diya gaya . Ya kahe sonogrphi report par hastakshar karwane ke liye  Yah din B.J.P ke naam raha puri vipksha ek jut ho gai . siwaye better than nothing kahe jane wale chautha morcha ke jo gat din loksabha se walkout kar gayi thi ek taraf jahan vipaksha ke neta deeng haankte va gaal bajaate gaye wahin Anna Hazare ka sangharsh jawaab de gaya. Na toh wo Delhi ki tarah bheer juta paye na josh. Anan phanan mein Anna Hazarey ne Anshan torne ka elaan kar diya, saath hi Jail Bharo Andolan bhi radd kar diya. ‘ye lo ab to Maa-Baap bhihaar man chuke the.’ Taarikh 29, wo nilami ab ilaaj banker Bazaar se I.C.U pahunch chuki thi. Ilaaz shuru hua, wahi shubh samay, Char Yog. Parantu shuruat se hi Dr. Vipaksha evam Dr. Paksha bacche ko bachane ke mood mein nahi lage. Dr. Vipaksh ke pramukh 48 Min. bole to Dr. Paksha ke pramukh unse saadhe 3 min adhik 52 min. Ek-ek saansad waale compounder bhi 20 min. tak sangharsh karte rahe. Dr. thak gaye toh peechhe se awwaz aayi – boliye! Hum sunana chahte hain. Maa roti rahi, karaahati rahi. Dr. operation ka mazaa lutate rahe. Raat 9 baje tak lagbhag bacche ke maut ki khabar phail chuki thi, ek news channel ke kabil reporter kah diya ki aaj voting nahin ho sakti kyonki Rajya sabha bas 12 baje tak chalti hai. Arthat aadesh aa chuka tha ki bacche ko marna hi hai so 10:52 mein akushal Dr. Mr. Rajneeti Prasad ne anjaam tak pahuncha diya, delivery kar rahe Dr. Paksh Branch ke Dr. Narayansami se navjaat shishu lekar Rajyasabha ki dharaatal par tukron mein bikher diya. Chal rahi saans bhi ruk gayi. Sab munh par char ungali rakh dekhate rahe. Itne mein Aspataal ke malik ne Pack-up kah diya.

Lokpal mar gaya, 48 saal se kokh mein para yeh bill ab bhi kokh mein hi hai. Na team Anna ki joshili dava kaam aayi, Na deshwasiyon ki dua.

Ek television program mein Sansadiya Kaarya rajya mantri Shri Harish Rawat ji ne kahaa ki –“ Hum B.J.P se kahte rahe ki humein Lokpal bill ko janm dene dijiye, jis haalat mein hai usme hi, Baad mein sudridh kar lenge parantu B.J.P hatya par tuli thi so kar diya.

Kya bayaan tha! Upma Alankaar, parantu Rajneeti mein koi vaakya alankrit nahin hoti. Accha hi hua ki Lokpal ki bhrunhatya kar di gayi, yadi nahin bhi hoti to bhi wo mara hua hi paida hota. Matke mein ek chhed uske andar ka saara jal nikaal deti yahaan to chhalni mein pani bhar ke chal rahe the. Bahar aa ke adhmara rahne se accha hai ki kokh mein dum turwa diya jae, Asha to rahegi ki Grishma satra mein accha wa Swastha paida hoga, taaki Kaliyug mein wo daswan avatar banke Bhrashtasur ka vinaash kar sake.

                                                                                     Inhi Shubhkamnaon ke sath   A very Blissful & Prosperous Happy New Year.